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دسته بندی: علم شیمی ویرایش: 5. ed. نویسندگان: Karen C. Timberlake سری: ISBN (شابک) : 9780321967466, 0321967461 ناشر: Pearson سال نشر: 2016 تعداد صفحات: 965 زبان: English فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) حجم فایل: 30 مگابایت
کلمات کلیدی مربوط به کتاب شیمی عمومی، آلی و بیولوژیکی: ساختارهای زندگی: شیمی و صنایع شیمیایی
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب General, organic, and biological chemistry : structures of life به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب شیمی عمومی، آلی و بیولوژیکی: ساختارهای زندگی نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
توجه: شما در حال خرید یک محصول مستقل هستید. MasteringChemistry همراه با این محتوا ارائه نمی شود. اگر می خواهید MasteringChemistry را خریداری کنید، ISBN-10:03219669291/ISBN-13: 9780321966926 را جستجو کنید. ISBN-13: 9780321967466. شیمی عمومی، آلی و بیولوژیکی (2 ترم). به دانشآموزان بهداشت متحد شیمی مورد نیازشان را بدهید... چگونه و چه زمانی به آن نیاز دارند! طراحی شده برای آماده کردن دانش آموزان برای مشاغل مرتبط با سلامت، شیمی عمومی، آلی و بیولوژیکی: ساختارهای زندگی مفاهیم شیمیایی و حل مسئله را به قطعات واضح و قابل کنترل تقسیم می کند، و تضمین می کند که دانش آموزان در طول اولین و اغلب تنها دوره شیمی خود را دنبال می کنند و با انگیزه می مانند. . سبک نوشتاری دوستانه کارن تیمبرلیک، تمرکز دانشجویی، بررسیشده و اصلاحشده مشکلات شیمی بالینی، و برنامههای کاربردی مرتبط با سلامتی به دانشآموزان امروزی کمک میکند تا با توسعه مهارتهای حل مسئله که فراتر از کلاس درس به آن نیاز دارند، بین شیمی و مشاغل مورد نظر خود ارتباط برقرار کنند. نسخه پنجم متن را به طور کامل با MasteringChemistry ادغام می کند تا تجربه ای تعاملی و جذاب را ارائه دهد. فعالیتهای New Construct a Concept Map به دانشآموزان کمک میکند تا ایدهها را از طریق راهحلهای ویدیویی و نمایشهای زنده به هم متصل کنند، در حالی که متن و رسانه تمرکز بالینی را ایجاد میکنند که شیمی را مستقیماً با سلامتی مرتبط مرتبط میکند. مدرسان همچنین میتوانند ماژولهای جدید مطالعه دینامیک MasteringChemistry را اختصاص دهند، که دانشآموزان را قادر میسازد تا مهارتهای اصلی ریاضی و شیمی را در خارج از کلاس اصلاح کنند، و استادان را آزاد میکند تا بر مفاهیم شیمی GOB و حل مسئله در طول کلاس تمرکز کنند. همچنین با MasteringChemistry MasteringChemistry از پیرسون، سیستم تکالیف، آموزش و ارزیابی آنلاین پیشرو است که برای بهبود نتایج با درگیر کردن دانشآموزان قبل، حین و بعد از کلاس با محتوای قدرتمند طراحی شده است. مربیان اطمینان حاصل می کنند که دانش آموزان با اختصاص محتوای مؤثر آموزشی قبل از کلاس آماده یادگیری هستند و با منابع درون کلاس مانند Learning Catalytics، تفکر انتقادی و حفظ را تشویق می کنند. دانشآموزان میتوانند بعد از کلاس از طریق تکالیف سنتی و تطبیقی که نکات و بازخوردهای خاص پاسخ را ارائه میدهند، بر مفاهیم تسلط بیشتری پیدا کنند. کتاب نمرات Mastering نمرات را برای تمام تکالیف درجه بندی شده خودکار در یک مکان ثبت می کند، در حالی که ابزارهای تشخیصی به مربیان امکان دسترسی به داده های غنی را برای ارزیابی درک دانش آموزان و تصورات نادرست می دهد. تسلط با تطبیق مداوم با هر دانش آموز و شخصی سازی یادگیری بیشتر از قبل، در حین و بعد از کلاس، یادگیری را کامل می کند.
NOTE: You are purchasing a standalone product; MasteringChemistry does not come packaged with this content If you would like to purchase MasteringChemistry search for ISBN-10:03219669291/ISBN-13: 9780321966926. That package includes ISBN-10: 0133858413/ISBN-13: 9780133858419 and ISBN-10: 0321967461/ISBN-13: 9780321967466. General, Organic, and Biological chemistry (2-semester). Give allied health students the chemistry they need...how and when they need it! Designed to prepare students for health-related careers, General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry: Structures of Life breaks chemical concepts and problem solving into clear, manageable pieces, ensuring students follow along and stay motivated throughout their first, and often only, chemistry course. Karen Timberlake's friendly writing style, student focus, vetted and refined clinical chemistry problems, and engaging health-related applications help today's students make connections between chemistry and their intended careers as they develop the problem-solving skills they'll need beyond the classroom. The Fifth Edition fully integrates the text with MasteringChemistry to provide an interactive and engaging experience. New Construct a Concept Map activities help students connect ideas through video solutions and live demonstrations, while the text and media establish a clinical focus that ties chemistry directly to allied health. Instructors can also assign MasteringChemistry's new Dynamic Study Modules, which enable students to remediate core math and chemistry skills outside of class, freeing professors to focus on GOB Chemistry concepts and problem solving during class. Also available with MasteringChemistry MasteringChemistry from Pearson is the leading online homework, tutorial, and assessment system, designed to improve results by engaging students before, during, and after class with powerful content. Instructors ensure students arrive ready to learn by assigning educationally effective content before class, and encourage critical thinking and retention with in-class resources such as Learning Catalytics. Students can further master concepts after class through traditional and adaptive homework assignments that provide hints and answer-specific feedback. The Mastering gradebook records scores for all automatically graded assignments in one place, while diagnostic tools give instructors access to rich data to assess student understanding and misconceptions. Mastering brings learning full circle by continuously adapting to each student and making learning more personal than ever-before, during, and after class.
Cover Title Page Copyright Page About the Author Preface Acknowledgments Contents 1 Chemistry in Our Lives Career: Forensic Scientist 1.1 Chemistry and Chemicals 1.2 Scientific Method: Thinking Like a Scientist Explore Your World: Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry Chemistry Link to Health: Early Chemist Paracelsus 1.3 Learning Chemistry: A Study Plan 1.4 Key Math Skills for Chemistry Guide to Writing a Number in Scientific Notation Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Forensic Evidence Solves the Murder Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Key Math Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 2 Chemistry and Measurements Career: Registered Nurse 2.1 Units of Measurement Explore Your World: Units Listed on Labels 2.2 Measured Numbers and Significant Figures 2.3 Significant Figures in Calculations 2.4 Prefixes and Equalities 2.5 Writing Conversion Factors Explore Your World: SI and Metric Equalities on Product Labels 2.6 Problem Solving Using Unit Conversion Guide to Problem Solving Using Conversion Factors Chemistry Link to Health: Toxicology and Risk–Benefit Assessment 2.7 Density Explore Your World: Sink or Float Chemistry Link to Health: Bone Density Guide to Using Density Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Greg’s Follow-Up Visit with His Doctor Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Key Math Skill Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 3 Matter and Energy 94 Career: Dietitian 3.1 Classification of Matter Chemistry Link to Health: Breathing Mixtures 3.2 States and Properties of Matter 3.3 Temperature Guide to Calculating Temperature Chemistry Link to Health: Variation in Body Temperature 3.4 Energy Chemistry Link to Environment: Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change 3.5 Energy and Nutrition Guide to Calculating the Energy from a Food Explore Your World: Counting Calories Chemistry Link to Health: Losing and Gaining Weight 3.6 Specific Heat Guide to Calculations Using Specific Heat 3.7 Changes of State Guide to Using a Heat Conversion Factor Chemistry Link to Health: Steam Burns Clinical Applications Clinical Updates: A Diet and Exercise Program for Charles Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 1 to 3 Answers 4 Atoms Career: Farmer 4.1 Elements and Symbols Chemistry Link to Health: Latin Names for Elements in Clinical Usage Chemistry Link to Health: Toxicity of Mercury 4.2 The Periodic Table Chemistry Link to Health: Elements Essential to Health 4.3 The Atom Explore Your World: Repulsion and Attraction 4.4 Atomic Number and Mass Number Chemistry Link to Environment: Many Forms of Carbon 4.5 Isotopes and Atomic Mass Guide to Calculating Atomic Mass 4.6 Electron Energy Levels Chemistry Link to Health: Biological Reactions to UV Light Chemistry Link to Environment: Energy- Saving Fluorescent Bulbs 4.7 Electron Configurations Guide to Drawing Orbital Diagrams Guide to Writing Electron Configurations Using Sublevel Blocks 4.8 Trends in Periodic Properties Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Improving Crop Production Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 5 Nuclear Chemistry Career: Nuclear Medicine Technologist 5.1 Natural Radioactivity 5.2 Nuclear Reactions Guide to Completing a Nuclear Equation Chemistry to Link: Radon in Our Homes 5.3 Radiation Measurement Chemistry Link to Health: Radiation and Food 5.4 Half-Life of a Radioisotope Guide to Using Half-Lives Chemistry Link to Environment: Dating Ancient Objects 5.5 Medical Applications Using Radioactivity Chemistry Link to Health: Brachytherapy 5.6 Nuclear Fission and Fusion Chemistry Link to Environment: Nuclear Power Plants Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Cardiac Imaging Using a Radioisotope Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds Career: Pharmacy Technician 6.1 Ions: Transfer of Electrons Chemistry Link to Health: Some Important Ions in the Body 6.2 Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds 6.3 Naming and Writing Ionic Formulas Guide to Naming Ionic Compounds with Metals that Form a Single Ion Guide to Naming Ionic Compounds with Variable Charge Metals Guide to Writing Formulas from the Name of an Ionic Compound 6.4 Polyatomic Ions Guide to Writing Formulas with Polyatomic Ions Guide to Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions 6.5 Molecular Compounds: Sharing Electrons Guide to Naming Molecular Compounds Guide to Writing Formulas for Molecular Compounds 6.6 Lewis Structures for Molecules and Polyatomic Ions Guide to Drawing Lewis Structures 6.7 Electronegativity and Bond Polarity 6.8 Shapes and Polarity of Molecules Guide to Predicting Shape (VSEPR Theory) Guide to Determining the Polarity of a Molecule 6.9 Attractive Forces in Compounds Chemistry Link to Health: Attractive Forces in Biological Compounds Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Compounds at the Pharmacy Concept Map Chapter review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 4 to 6 Answers 7 Chemical Reactions and Quantities Career: Dental Hygienist 7.1 Equations for Chemical Reactions Guide to Balancing a Chemical equation 7.2 Types of Reactions Chemistry Link to Health: Incomplete Combustion: Toxicity of Carbon Monoxide 7.3 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions Explore Your World: Oxidation of Fruits and Vegetables 7.4 The Mole Guide to Calculating the Atoms or Molecules of a Substance Guide to Calculating the Moles of an element in a Compound 7.5 Molar Mass and Calculations Guide to Calculating Molar Mass Explore Your World: Calculating Moles in the Kitchen Guide to Calculating the Moles (or Grams) of a Substance from Grams (or Moles) 7.6 Mole Relationships in Chemical Equations Guide to Calculating the Quantities of reactants and Products in a Chemical reaction 294 7.7 Mass Calculations for Reactions 7.8 Limiting Reactants and Percent Yield Guide to Calculating the Moles of Product from a Limiting reactant Guide to Calculating the Grams of Product from a Limiting reactant Guide to Calculations for Percent Yield 7.9 Energy in Chemical Reactions Guide to Calculating Using the Heat of reaction Chemistry Link to Health: Cold Packs and Hot Packs Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Whitening of Tooth enamel Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 8 Gases Career: Respiratory Therapist 8.1 Properties of Gases Explore Your World: Forming a Gas Chemistry Link to Health: Measuring Blood Pressure 8.2 Pressure and Volume (Boyle’s Law) Guide to Using the Gas Laws Chemistry Link to Health: Pressure–Volume Relationship in Breathing 8.3 Temperature and Volume (Charles’s Law) 8.4 Temperature and Pressure (Gay-Lussac’s Law) 8.5 The Combined Gas Law 8.6 Volume and Moles (Avogadro’s Law) Guide to Using Molar Volume 8.7 The Ideal Gas Law Guide to Using the Ideal Gas Law Chemistry Link to Health: Hyperbartic Chambers Guide to Using the Ideal Gas Law for Reactions 8.8 Partial Pressures (Dalton’s Law) Guide to Calculating Partial Pressure Chemistry Link to Health: Blood Gases Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Exercise-Included Asthma Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 7 and 8 Answers 9 Solutions Career: Dialysis Nurse 9.1 Solutions Chemistry Link to Health: Water in the Body Explore Your World: Live Dissolves Like 9.2 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes Chemistry Link to Health: Electrolytes in Body Fluids 9.3 Solubility Chemistry Link to Health: Gout and Kidney Stones: A Problem of Saturation in Body Fluids Explore Your World: Preparing Rock Candy Explore Your World: Preparing Solutions Guide to Writing an Equation for the Formation of an Insoluble Ionic Compound 9.4 Solution Concentrations and Reactions Guide to Calculating Solution Concentration Guide to Using Concentration to Calculate Mass or Volume Guide to Calculations Involving Solutions in Chemical Reactions 9.5 Dilution of Solutions Guide to Calculating Dilution Quantities 9.6 Properties of Solutions Chemistry Link to Health: Colloids and Solutions in the Body Guide to Calculating Freezing Point Lowering/Boiling Point Elevation Explore Your World: Everyday Osmosis Guide to Calculating Osmolarity Chemistry Link to Health: Dialysis by the Kidneys and the Artificial Kidney Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Using Dialysis for Renal Failure Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 10 Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium Career: Neonatal Nurse 10.1 Rates of Reactions Chemistry Link to the Environment: Catalytic Converters 10.2 Chemical Equilibrium 10.3 Equilibrium Constants Guide to Writing the Equilibrium Constant Expression Guide to Calculating the Kc Value 10.4 Using Equilibrium Constants Guide to Using the Equilibrium Constant 10.5 Changing Equilibrium Conditions: Le Châtelier’s Principle Chemistry Link to Health: Oxygen– Hemoglobin Equilibrium and Hypoxia Chemistry Link to Health: Homeostasis: Regulation of Body Temperature Clinical Applications Clinical Update: An Iron-Rich Diet for Children’s Anemia Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 11 Acids and Bases Career: Clinical Laboratory Technician 11.1 Acids and Bases 11.2 Brønsted–Lowry Acids and Bases Guide to Writing Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs 11.3 Strengths of Acids and Bases 11.4 Dissociation Constants for Acids and Bases 11.5 Dissociation of Water Guide to Calculating [H3O+] and [OH-] in Aqueous Solutions 11.6 The pH Scale Guide to Calculating pH of an Aqueous Solution Guide to Calculating [H3O+] from pH Chemistry Link to Health: Stomach Acid, HCI 11.7 Reactions of Acids and Bases Guide to Balancing an Equation for Neutralization Chemistry Link to Health: Antacids 11.8 Acid–Base Titration Guide to Calculations for an Acid–Base Titration 11.9 Buffers Guide to Calculating pH of a Buffer Chemistry Link to Health: Buffers in the Blood Plasma Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Acid Reflux Disease Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Key Math Skills Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 9 to 11 Answers 12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons Career: Firefighter/Emergency Medical Technician 12.1 Organic Compounds 12.2 Alkanes Guide to Drawing Structural Formulas for Alkanes 12.3 Alkanes with Substituents Guide to Naming Alkanes with Substituents Guide to Drawing Structural Formulas for Alkanes with Substituents 12.4 Properties of Alkanes 12.5 Alkenes and Alkynes Explore Your World: Ripening Fruit Guide to Naming Alkenes and Alkynes Chemistry Link to Environment: Fragrant Alkenes 12.6 Cis–Trans Isomers Explore Your World: Modeling Cis–Trans Isomers Chemistry Link to Environment: Pheromones in Insect Communication Chemistry Link to Health: Cis-Trans Isomers for Night Vision 12.7 Addition Reactions for Alkenes Explore Your World: Unsaturation in Fats and Oils Chemistry Link to Health: Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Fats Explore Your World: Polymers and Recycling Plastics 12.8 Aromatic Compounds Chemistry Link to Health: Some Common Aromatic Compounds in Nature and Medicine Chemistry Link to Health: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Diane’s Treatment in the Burn Unit Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Naming Summary of Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 13 Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers Career: Nurse Anesthetist 13.1 Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols Guide to Naming Alcohols and Phenols Explore Your World: Alcohols in Household Products Chemistry Link to Health: Some Important Alcohols and Phenols 13.2 Ethers Guide to Writing IUPAC Names for Ethers Chemistry Link to Health: Ethers as Anesthetics 13.3 Physical Properties of Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers Chemistry Link to Health: Hand Sanitizers and Ethanol 13.4 Reactions of Alcohols and Thiols Chemistry Link to Health: Methanol Poisoning Chemistry Link to Health: Oxidation of Alcohol in the Body Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Janet’s New Diet Plan Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Naming Summary of Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 14 Aldehydes, Ketones, and Chiral Molecules Career: Dermatology Nurse 14.1 Aldehydes and Ketones Guide to Naming Aldehydes Guide to Naming Ketones Chemistry Link to Health: Some Important Aldehydes and Ketones 14.2 Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones 14.3 Oxidation and Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones 14.4 Hemiacetals and Acetals 14.5 Chiral Molecules Explore Your World: Using Gumdrops and Toothpicks to Model Chiral Objects Chemistry Link to Health: Enantiomers in Biological Systems Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Diana’s Skin Protection Plan Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Naming Summary of Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 12 to 14 Answers 15 Carbo hydrates Career: Diabetes Nurse 15.1 Carbohydrates 15.2 Fischer Projections of Monosaccharides Guide to Identifying d- or l-Monosaccharides Chemistry Link to Health: Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia 15.3 Haworth Structures of Monosaccharides Guide to Drawing Haworth Structures 15.4 Chemical Properties of Monosaccharides Chemistry Link to Health: Testing for Glucose 15.5 Disaccharides Explore Your World: Sugar and Sweeteners Chemistry Link to Health: How Sweet Is My Sweetener? Chemistry Link to Health: Blood Types and Carbohydrates 15.6 Polysaccharides Explore Your World: Polysaccharides Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Kate’s Program for Type 2 Diabetes Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Carbohydrates Summary of Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters Career: Surgical Technician 16.1 Carboxylic Acids Guide to Naming Carboxylic Acids Chemistry Link to Health: Alpha Hydroxy Acids 16.2 Properties of Carboxylic Acids Chemistry Link to Health: Carboxylic Acids in Metabolism 16.3 Esters Chemistry Link to Health: Salicylic Acid from a Willow Tree Chemistry Link to Environment: Plastics 16.4 Naming Esters Guide to Naming Esters 16.5 Properties of Esters Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Liquid Bandages Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Naming Summary of Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 17 Lipids Career: Clinical Lipid Specialist 17.1 Lipids 17.2 Fatty Acids Explore Your World: Solubility of Fats and Oils Chemistry Link to Health: Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Fish Oils 17.3 Waxes and Triacylglycerols Guide to Drawing Triacylglycerols 17.4 Chemical Properties of Triacylglycerols Chemistry Link to Health: Converting Unsaturated Fats to Saturated Fats: Hydrogenation and Interesterificatio Explore Your World: Types of Fats Chemistry Link to Environment: Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel 17.5 Phospholipids Chemistry Link to Health: Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS) 17.6 Steroids: Cholesterol, Bile Salts, and Steroid Hormones Chemistry Link to Health: Anabolic Steroids 17.7 Cell Membranes Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Rebecca’s Program to Lower Cholesterol in Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 18 Amines and Amides Career: Environmental Health Practitioner 18.1 Amines Guide to IUPAC Naming of Amines Guide to Naming Compounds with Two Functional Groups 18.2 Properties of Amines 18.3 Heterocyclic Amines Chemistry Link to Health: Synthesizing Drugs 18.4 Neurotransmitters 18.5 Amides Guide to Naming Amides Chemistry Link to Health: Amides in Health and Medicine 18.6 Hydrolysis of Amides Cliniical Applications Clinical Update: Testing Soil and Water Samples for Chemicals Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Naming Summary of Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 15 to 18 Answers 19 Amino Acids and Proteins Career: Radiology Technician 19.1 Proteins and Amino Acids Chemistry Link to Health: Essential Amino Acids 19.2 Amino Acids as Acids and Bases 19.3 Formation of Peptides Guide to Drawing a Peptide Chemistry Link to Health: Polypeptides in the Body 19.4 Protein Structure: Primary and Secondary Levels Chemistry Link to Health: Protein Sequencing Chemistry Link to Health: Protein Secondary Structures and Alzheimer’s Disease 19.5 Protein Structure: Tertiary and Quaternary Levels Chemistry Link to Health: Sickle Cell Anemia 19.6 Protein Hydrolysis and Denaturation Explore Your World: Denaturation of Milk Protein Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Alzheimer’s Diagnosis Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 20 Enzymes and Vitamins Career: Physician Assistant 20.1 Enzymes and Enzyme Action 20.2 Classification of Enzymes Chemistry Link to Health: Isoenzymes As Diagnostic Tools 20.3 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity Explore Your World: Enzyme Activity 20.4 Regulation of Enzyme Activity 20.5 Enzyme Inhibition Guide to Determining Type of Enzyme Inhibition 20.6 Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Noah’s Diet for Lactose Intolerance Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers to Selected Questions and Problems 21 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis Career: Histology Technician 21.1 Components of Nucleic Acids 21.2 Primary Structure of Nucleic Acids 21.3 DNA Double Helix 21.4 DNA Replication 21.5 RNA and Transcription 21.6 The Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis Chemistry Link to Health: Many Antibiotics Inhibit Protein Synthesis 21.7 Genetic Mutations Explore Your World: A Model for DNA Replication and Mutation 21.8 Recombinant DNA 21.9 Viruses Chemistry Link to Health: Cancer Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Ellen’s Medical Treatment Following Breast Cancer Surgery Concept Map Chapter Review Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 19 to 21 Answers 22 Metabolic Pathways for Carbohydrates Career: Hepatology Nurse 22.1 Metabolism and Energy Chemistry Link to Health: ATP Energy and Ca2+ Needed to Contract Muscles 22.2 Important Coenzymes in Metabolic Pathways 22.3 Digestion of Carbohydrates 22.4 Glycolysis: Oxidation of Glucose 22.5 Pathways for Pyruvate 22.6 Glycogen Synthesis and Degradation 1GSDs2 Chemistry Link to Health: Glycogen Storage Diseases (GSDs) 22.7 Gluconeogenesis: Glucose Synthesis Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Philip’s Diet for von Gierke’s Disease Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Key Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers 23 Metabolism and Energy Production Career: Exercise Physiologist 23.1 The Citric Acid Cycle 23.2 Electron Transport and ATP Chemistry Link to Health: Toxins: Inhibitors of Electron Transport Chemistry Link to Health: Uncouplers of ATP Synthase 23.3 ATP Energy from Glucose Chemistry Link to Health: Efficiency of ATP Production Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Improving Natalie’s Overall Fitness Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Key Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers to Selected Questions and Problems 24 Metabolic Pathways for Lipids and Amino Acids Career: Public Health Nurse (PHN) 24.1 Digestion of Triacylglycerols Explore Your World: Digestion of Fats 24.2 Oxidation of Fatty Acids 24.3 ATP and Fatty Acid Oxidation Chemistry Link to Health: Stored Fat and Obesity Explore Your World: Fat Storage and Blubber 24.4 Ketogenesis and Ketone Bodies Chemistry Link to Health: Diabetes and Ketone Bodies 24.5 Fatty Acid Synthesis 24.6 Degradation of Proteins and Amino Acids 24.7 Urea Cycle 24.8 Fates of the Carbon Atoms from Amino Acids 24.9 Synthesis of Amino Acids Chemistry Link to Health: Phenylketonuria (PKU) Clinical Applications Clinical Update: Treatment of Luke’s Hepatitis C Concept Map Chapter Review Summary of Key Reactions Key Terms Core Chemistry Skills Understanding the Concepts Additional Questions and Problems Challenge Questions Answers Combining Ideas from Chapters 22 to 24 Answers Credits Glossary/Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z